A new arXiv paper demonstrates that how AI agents are orchestrated—not which foundation model is chosen—drives enterprise agentic AI economics, with a controlled experiment across six models showing the orchestration layer reduces cost per task by 41%, latency by 44%, and tokens per task by 38% while maintaining quality. The finding reveals that efficiency gains from better orchestration are model-agnostic, while quality improvements correlate strongly with baseline model capability, and that optimizing the harness layer yields greater cost savings than switching between different foundation models.
Why it matters: As enterprises scale agentic AI deployments, understanding that orchestration architecture delivers outsized returns on efficiency—multiplying across all current and future models—reframes where AI teams should invest engineering effort to control token economics and total cost of ownership.